A draft tube is a pipe of gradually increasing diameter which connects the exit of runner of a turbine to the tail race.
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In Tidal Power plants, tidal energy gets generated. It is renewable source of hydro energy which is available due to rise and fall of tides.
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Cross Drainage work is constructed for crossing canal water safely over or under the drainage water.It should be avoided if possible.
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Piezometer is a instrument which measures the pore water pressure in a soil medium. It can be installed within structure of dam.
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Arch dam is seen curved in plan with its convexity to the upstream side. It transfers the pressure towards the abutments by arch action.
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Spillway is the passage provided for disposal of surplus flood water on the downstream side without affecting stability of water.
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Weir is a crest wall constructed across a river to divert raise water of river into canal. Crest wall across a river raises the water.
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Rivers are part of the surface water which flows from their source region to their mouth. The importance of river depend on length, width etc.