Sem 1

Mechanical Engineering

Year 1

First Year

`UNIT 4`

`Orthographic Projections`

`4.1 Conversion of pictorial view into orthographic views Orthographic Projections is a technical drawing in which different views of an object are projected on different reference planes observing perpendicular to respective reference plane.Different Reference planes are<ul style="padding-left:0pt"><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Horizontal Plane (HP)</li><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Vertical Plane (VP) </li><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Side or Profile Plane (PP)</li></ul> Different views are<ul style="padding-left:0pt"><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Front View (FV) – Projected on VP </li><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Top View (TV) – Projected on HP </li><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Side View (SV) – Projected on PP</li><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt"></li></ul>NOTATIONS Following notations should be followed while naming Different views in orthographic projections.<div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_1499884.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> Same system of notations should be followed in case numbers, like 1, 2, 3 – are used Types of views<div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_2932978.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> Orthographic views<div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_3767836.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> <div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_4741938.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> Views arrangement <div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_5311809.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> Projection symbols<div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_6044903.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> Methods of Orthogonal Projection<ol style="padding-left:0pt; "><li style="font-family:Rockwell, serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Natural Method: Revolve the object with respect to observer</li><li style="font-family:Rockwell, serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Glass box method: The observer moves around the object</li></ol> <div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_6999755.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> 2.     Glass box : Revolution of the planes of projection <div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_774293.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> Relative orientation of views <div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_9296427.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> Summary : Problem solving steps <div style="overflow-x:auto;"><img alt="" src="https://glossaread-contain.s3.ap-south-1.amazonaws.com/epub/1643274348_9984925.png" style="margin-left:0pt;"/></div> Steps for Orthographic Views <ul style="padding-left:0pt"><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Select the necessary views </li><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Layout the selected views on a drawing sheet.</li><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Complete each selected views. </li><li style="font-family:serif; margin-left:12pt; line-height:150%; text-align:justify; font-size:12pt">Complete the dimensions and notes.</li></ul>`