Unit - 7
Rate Analysis
The basic of arriving at a correct and reasonable rate per unit work supply for a particular item it is specifications and detailed survey of material, labour equipment etc. are required for the unit work and their prevailing rates may be called as analysis of rate.
To find out the present rate per unit of item at the locality
To examine the rates offered by contractor
To finalize the labour contract rates
To find out the quality of materials and labour required for completion of project work.
To work out economical use of materials and processes in completing particular item
To work out the cost of extra items which are not providing in contract bond but are they to be done as per the direction of the department
To revise schedule of rates due to increase in the cost of material and labour or due to change in technique
Key takeaway:
1. Importance of rate analysis:
1. Specification of works and cloth about their quality, proportion and constructional operation method
2. Quantity of materials and their expenses.
3. Cost of labors and their wages.
4. Location of site of hard work and the distances from deliver and conveyance charges.
5. Overhead and standing quo charges
6. Profit
7. Cost of materials at deliver and at site of Construction
8. The expenses of materials are taken as brought at site which includes the delivery community taxes and exceptional charges.
2. Necessity of charge analysis:
1. To decide the real value in line with unit of the objects.
2. To calculate greater value of objects which aren't furnished within side the agreement bond however is to be performed as in line with the route of the department.
3. To exercise session reasonable use of substances and procedures in finishing the precise objects.
Key takeaway:
1. Quantity of material and cost
2. Labour cost
3. Overhead charges
4. Establishment charges
5. Contractor’s profit
1. Quantity of material and cost:
The estimator takes off the quantities of various materials required per unit quantity of an item.
Calculate cost from local market rate.
Quantity of materials and cost is most important and first factor affect the rate analysis.
2. Cost of equipment, Tools and Plants:
Cost of equipment is important factor affect the rate analysis. Whenever the possible cost of equipment and ordinary T and P these are required for general use should be assign to specify item of work.
3. Labour cost:
To calculate labour cost, it should be important to know that the number and wages of different categories of labours, skilled and unskilled, namely mason or carpenter mazdoor etc. required for each unit of work.
4. Overhead charges:
This include miscellaneous item such as office, rent and depreciation of its equipment, salaries of office staff members, postage, lighting, travelling, telephone bill, small tools overhead are classified below
It includes establishment charges of office staff, telephone bill, stationary, printing, postage charges, travel expenses, rent etc.
b. Job overheads:
It includes job overheads are salaries of supervisor staff, material handling charges repair charges labour welfare amenities, workmen compensation expenses, insurance charges, losses on advances, interest on investment, paid holidays bonus etc.
5. Establishment charges:
The permanent head office of contracting company is different from temporary office at worksites, the amount to be spent for running the head office such as salaries of quantity surveyor. Accounts, cashier, clerk etc. are all includes under establishment charges.
6. Contractor’s profit:
Contractor’s profit is generally charged as 10 to 15% of total cast of construction of item. It is equal to total amount received by contractor for completion of item minus initial investment the contractors have made for its completion, even though the net profit amount to about 10 to 15 % the return on rolling capital employed may be very much higher even up to 100% per year as the contract provide for interim payment to be made to contractor after fixed internal of time depending upon the volume of work completed by him.
Key takeaway:
1. Quantity of material and cost
2. Labour cost
3. Overhead charges
4. Establishment charges
5. Contractor’s profit
It is quantity of work which can be done by artesian or skilled labour of trade working for 8 hours per day.
The out turn does not mean that quantity of work can be completed only by the labourer as designed, but the type of labourers or helpers due to are also to be engaged to complete the quantity of work.
For example, a mason can complete 1.50 cm of brick work per day provided to be is helped by two be mazdoors to carry and mixed the ingredients of mortar and also to carry and place all other materials at his disposal etc. instruction from head manson for anew hours is also necessary to complete the quantity of brick work.
The task work varies from person to person, place to place and depends on various factors such as physical fitness and skill labour, type, nature and place of work.
Factors affecting task work:
Output of different skilled worker varies according to their skill
Output of individual worker also varies according to their skill
Efficient site organization and management increases the labour output whereas faulty slack organization will decrease it
Peculiarities of job and site condition may have some effect on the output.
Key takeaway:
Productivity in creation is described as a unit output according to hour. A correct prediction of the productivity of creation equipment is crucial for creation management.
The exertions value element of a constructing mission regularly stages from 30 to 50%, and may be as excessive as 60% of the standard mission value. Therefore, it's miles clean that creation exertions are an important element of a creation project
Forms of productivity rate: the daily output (unit/day) and labor hours (hr/unit).
References:
