1.1 Basic Understanding Civil Engineering Infrastructure | unit 1 basic understanding

Introduction to Civil Engineering

Unit - 1

Basics of Civil Engineering

1.1 Basic Understanding Civil Engineering / Infrastructure:

Civil engineering is the work of designing and building infrastructure.

It usually means large structures, like bridges, dams, buildings, and tunnels. It also constructed complex networks such as water, irrigation, and sewerage networks.

Civil Engineering gives the named as it is since it has the part of science which deals with the comfort things essential for civilians with respect to its basic needs of shelter, transportation, workplace, and others.

Civil infrastructure systems contain the design, analysis, and management of infrastructure subsidiary human activities, between, for example, electric power, oil and gas, water and wastewater, communications, transportation, and the collections of buildings that make up urban and rural communities.

These networks bring essential services, provide shelter, and support social interactions and economic development.

Advantages:

Civil engineers have become central figures in public development.

Buildings and roads are providing by the basis of city infrastructure.

Engineers not only provide them but used by their skills to optimize the performance and competence of community systems.

Civil engineers take the work such as engineering work specific to building and improving community infrastructures.

They plan, design, and monitor innovative building construction and improvements, rail and roadway projects, bridges, irrigation and sewer systems, dams, and other physical structures.

Disadvantages:

In the initial part of the career, it will take to work very hard on both field and off-field.

There is have a ration of cost & risk involved with the job.

It is not a tie & get-up job, working day in and available in a well-furnished office.

1.2 Basics of Engineering and Civil Engineering:

Engineering is the scientific discipline and profession elementary on scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical indication to design, create, and investigate technological solutions conscious of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost.

Engineering Principles

1) Testability.

2) Integrity.

3) External integration is well defined.

4) Ethics.

5) Management.

The engineering method (also called as engineering design) is an efficient method used to influence the specific solution to a problem.

There are six steps (or phases): idea, concept, planning, design, development, and launch from problem definition to anticipated result.

Civil engineers can make sure the design, construct, supervise, operate, and conserve large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and schemes for water supply and sewage treatment.

Various civil engineers work in design, construction, research, and education.

Civil Engineers are liable for the quality of creating, improving, and protecting our immediate environment.

They plan and oversee construction and reconstruction, as well as the maintenance of roads, bridges, tunnels, railways, dams, harbors, power plants, and airports.

1.3 Broad disciplines of Civil Engineering:

1) Structural Engineering:

This correction of the examination and design of concrete and steel structures, such as multi-story buildings, bridges, towers, etc.

It deals also with the knowledge of the durability and resistibility of such buildings for live loads, wind, and earthquakes.

The study comprises also the study of the effects of building materials permitting international specifications.

2) Water Resources and Hydraulics Engineering:

This field refuges the basic ideas of water science and its related theorems and applications.

This comprises the methods of transporting water from sources to distribution sites finished channels and pipelines, water sources and storage systems, types of dams, and design methods.

It comprises the adjustment of seawater movements and shore protection.

3) Geotechnical Engineering

This field is apprehensive with the study of the soil properties of the construction site and its bearing capacity.

Geotechnical engineering is concerned also with suitable solutions for any problem in the soil as well as the choice of the best and secured methods of design and construction of the foundation of engineering structures.

4) Environmental Engineering

This field is concerned with the study of the essential methods and techniques of environment protection as well as the availability of basic life elements such as water and air with a detailed level of quality to protect mankind's health and environment.

This comprises the design and construction of water distribution networks, wastewater and stormwater collection systems, water treatment plants, and wastewater treatment for recovery in industrial and agricultural fields.

Environmental engineering contains also the study of the different techniques of controlling air, water, and soil pollution as well as the suitable disposal or reprocess of solid and hazardous wastes.

5) Transportation Engineering

This self-control involves the present and future wide-ranging planning of the requirements of transportation systems, as well as the specifications of these systems such as those of roads, airports, parking lots, etc. and the management of traffic volumes with the essential design of the traffic signals and public transportation.

6) Construction Engineering and Management

The civil engineer is concerned with the management of engineering projects including planning and control of cost, time, and quality.

This field is a multi-discipline area, which demands knowledge nearby business, economy, computer applications, constructability, construction equipment and methods, choice and risk analysis, engineering management, law, safety, and productivity.

1.4 Importance of Civil Engineering:

Civil engineers play an extremely significant role in society.

They are liable for maintaining the overall safety of society in a number of ways including rural engineering.

Constructing highways and buildings to bridges and tunnels, the responsibilities of civil engineers are several.

Make a lifestyle suitable and easier.

Make the greatest land-use capacity and resources maximum.

Confirmed the best living standard of the common man in town.

Civil engineers develop and improve the services and amenities we use every day: from supplying energy and clean water to homes, to processing and recycling waste, to finding solutions to problems like pollution.

Civil engineers design and shape bridges, roads, railways, and tunnels.

1.5 Possible scopes for a career:

A career after civil engineering is highly rewarding. Some jobs contain supervision, construction, design, and training of private as well as public projects, such as dams, highways, canals, water sewages, and bridges.

The talent demands excellent skills for both the administration and supervision of projects.

In civil engineering, many branches are there such as structural engineering, environmental engineering, water resources engineering, construction project management, geotechnical engineering, transportation engineering.

Every branch has good scope but it depends from place to place and capability.

Any basic engineering field is good for your career at all times. Precisely, civil engineering also the advantage of getting a government job in almost every sector.

Civil Engineering is a professional engineering discipline and the oldest which deals with the constructed environment.

Civil engineering is a branch of engineering which contracts with people, the civilization of a country, their needs, and basic facilities.

So as long as there are humans and as long as we have a natural phenomenon like earthquakes and cyclones civil engineers will be required.

Civil engineering takes place in the public sector from municipal through to national governments, and in the private sector from separate homeowners through to international companies.

References:

1. Patil, B.S. (1974), Legal Aspects of Building and Engineering Contract

2. The National Building Code, BIS, (2017)

3. RERA Act, (2017)

4. Meena Rao (2006), Fundamental concepts in Law of Contract, 3rd Edn. Professional Offset

5. Chandiramani, Neelima (2000), The Law of Contract: An Outline, 2nd Edn. Avinash Publications Mumbai

6. Avtarsingh (2002), Law of Contract, Eastern Book Co.

7. Dutt (1994), Indian Contract Act, Eastern Law House

8. Anson W.R. (1979), Law of Contract, Oxford University Press

9. Kwatra G.K. (2005), The Arbitration & Conciliation of Law in India with case law on UNCITRAL Model Law on Arbitration, Indian Council of Arbitration

10. Avtarsingh (2005), Law of Arbitration and Conciliation, Eastern Book Co.

11. Wadhera (2004), Intellectual Property Rights, Universal Law Publishing Co.

12. P. S. Narayan (2000), Intellectual Property Rights, Gogia Law Agency

13. T. Ramappa (2010), Intellectual Property Rights Law in India, Asia Law House

14. Bare text (2005), Right to Information Act

15. O.P. Malhotra, Law of Industrial Disputes, N.M. Tripathi Publishers

16. K.M. Desai (1946), The Industrial Employment (Standing Orders) Act

17. Rustamji R.F., Introduction to the Law of Industrial Disputes, Asia Publishing House 18. Vee, Charles & Skitmore, Martin (2003) Professional Ethics in the Construction Industry, Engineering Construction and Architectural Management, Vol.10, Iss. 2, pp 117-127, MCB UP Ltd

18. American Society of Civil Engineers (2011) ASCE Code of Ethics – Principles Study and Application

19. Ethics in Engineering- M.W. Martin & R. Schinzinger, McGraw-Hill

20. Engineering Ethics, National Institute for Engineering Ethics, USA

21. www.ieindia.org

22. Engineering ethics: concepts and cases – C. E. Harris, M.S. Pritchard, M.J. Rabins

23. Resisting Bureaucratic Corruption: Alacrity Housing Chennai (Teaching Case Study) -S. Ramakrishna Velamuri -CEIBS

24. CONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS, http://www.jnormanstark.com/contract.htm

25. Internet and Business Handbook, Chap 4, CONTRACTS LAW, http://www.laderapress.com/laderapress/contractslaw1.html

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