Unit4 | unit 4 ac fundamentals and circuits

BEE

Unit-4

AC Fundamentals and Circuits

Que1) A coil takes a current of 6A when connected to 24V dc supply. To obtain the same current with 50HZ ac, the voltage required was 30V. Calculate inductance and p.f of coil?

Sol: The coil will offer only resistance to dc voltage and impedance to ac voltage

R =24/6 = 4ohm

Z= 30/6 = 5ohm

XL =

= 3ohm

Cosφ = = 4/5 = 0.8 lagging

Que2) The potential difference measured across a coil is 4.5V,when it carries a dc current of 8A. The same coil when carries ac current of 8A at 25Hz,the potential difference is 24V. Find current and power when supplied by 50V,50Hz supply?

Sol: R=V/I= 4.5/8 = 0.56ohm

At 25Hz, Z= V/I=24/8 =3ohms

XL =

= 2.93ohm

XL = 2fL = 2x 25x L = 2.93

L=0.0187ohm

At 50Hz

XL = 2x3 =6ohm

Z = = 5.97ohm

I= 50/5.97 = 8.37A

Power = I2R = 39.28W

Que3) A coil having inductance of 50mH an resistance 10ohmis connected in series with a 25F capacitor across a 200V ac supply. Calculate resonant frequency and current flowing at resonance?

Sol: f0= = 142.3Hz

I0 = V/R = 200/10 = 20A

Que4) A 15mH inductor is in series with a parallel combination of 80ohm resistor and 20F capacitor. If the angular frequency of the applied voltage is 1000rad/s find admittance?

Sol: XL = 2fL = 1000x15x10-3 = 15ohm

XL = 1/C = 50ohm

Impedance of parallel combination Z = 80||-j50 = 22.5-j36

Total impedance = j15+22.5-j36 = 22.5-j21

Admittance Y= 1/Z = 0.023-j0.022 siemens

Que5) A circuit connected to a 100V, 50 Hz supply takes 0.8A at a p.f of 0.3 lagging. Calculate the resistance and inductance of the circuit when connected in series and parallel?

Sol: For series Z =100/0.8 = 125ohm

Cosφ =

R = 0.3 x 125 = 37.5ohm

XL = = 119.2ohm

XL = 2fL = 2x 50x L

119.2 = 2x 50x L

L= 0.38H

For parallel:

Active component of current = 0.8cosφ = 0.3x0.3 = 0.24A

R = 100/0.24 =416.7ohm

Quadrature component of current = 0.8 sinφ = 0.763

XL= 100/0.763 = 131.06ohm

L= 100/0.763x2x50 = 0.417H

Que6) For a series RLC circuit having R=10ohms, L= 0.15H, C=100F. They are connected across 100v 50Hz supply. Calculate total impedance?

Sol: Impedance Z=

Z= = 18.27ohm

Que7) For a series RLC circuit having R=12ohms, L= 0.2H, C=60F. They are connected across 100v 50Hz supply. Calculate circuit current?

Sol: I=

Z= = 13.89ohm

I = 100/13.89 =7.2A

Que8) For a series RLC circuit having R=10ohms, L= 0.15H, C=100F. They are connected across 100v 50Hz supply. Calculate power factor?

Sol: cosφ =

Impedance Z=

Z= = 18.27ohm

Cosφ = =

φ = 56.81o lagging

Que9) Calculate impedance of a parallel tuned RC circuit at a frequency of 400kHz and for a BW of operation equal to 20kHz. Given R=5ohm?

Sol: BW =R/2L

L= 39H

f0 =

C = 2.6x10-9F

Z= L/RC = 3kohm

Q10) Three similar resistors are connected in star across 400V 3-phase lines. Line current is 4A. Calculate the value of each resistor.

Sol: For star connection:

IL=Iph=4A

Vph=VL/ = 400/ = 231V

Rph= 231/4= 57.75ohm

For Delta Connection:

IL=4A

Iph= IL/

=4/ ==2.30A

Zph=400/2.30=173.9ohm

Rph= 173.9/3 = 57.97ohm

Q11) Three identical impedances are connected in delta 3-phase supply of 400V. The line current is 30A and total power taken from the supply is 10kW. Calculate the resistance and reactance value of each impedance?

Sol: VL=Vph=400V

IL=30A

Iph=IL/= 30/ =17.32A

Zph=Vph/Iph= 400/17.32=23.09ohm

P=VLILCos Ø

Cos Ø = 10000/ 400x30 = 0.48

Sin Ø =0.88

Rph=ZphCos Ø= 23.09x0.48=11.08ohm

Xph=ZphSin Ø = 23.09x0.88=20.32ohm

Q12) A star connected alternator supplies a delta connected load. The impedance of the load branch is 6+j5 ohm/phase. The line voltage is 230V. Determine the current in the load branch and power consumed by the load.

Sol: Zph= = 7.8ohm

VL=Vph=230V

Iph=Vph/Zph=230/7.8=29.49A

Iph=IL/

IL=Iph=x29.49=51.07A

P=VLIL Cos Ø = x 230x51.07x0.768=15.62kW

Q13) The load connected to a 3-phase supply comprise three similar coils connected in star. The line currents are 25A and the kVA and kW inputs are 18 and 10 respectively. Find the line and phase voltage, the kVAR input resistance and reactance of each coil?

Sol: IL= 25A

P= 10000W

Cos Ø = 10/18 = 0.56

P=VLIL Cos Ø

10000= x VLx25x0.56

VL =412.39V

Vph=VL/ = 412.39/=238.09V

KVAR= = 14.96

Zph=238.09/25=9.52ohm

Rph=Zph Cos Ø= 9.52x0.56=5.33ohm

Xph=Zph Sin Ø = 9.52x0.83=7.88ohm

Q14) A balanced delta connected load consisting of three coils draws 8 A at 0.5 p.f from 100V 3-phase ac supply. If the coils are reconnected in star across the same supply. Find the line current and total power consumed?