ENGINEERING GRAPHICS AND DESIGN
UNIT 7
Customization & CAD Drawing
QUESTION BANK
Q.1 EXPLAIN DRAWING ENVIRONMENT?
ACAD provides two drawing environments for creating and laying out the drawing.
i. Model Space
Ii. Layout Space.
ACAD allows creating drawing, called a model, in full scale in an area known as model space without regard to the final layout or size when the drawing is plotted on the paper.
In the space opened for the first time, it is possible to create floating viewports to contain different views of the model. In the paper space, floating viewports are treated as objects which can be moved and resized in order to create a suitable layout.
Q.2 Explain PRINTING and its steps?
When you print or plot a drawing, you need to specify what region you would like
To print. From within Paper space you usually print the Layout. However, in Model space,
There are four different ways of selecting a region to print. The Model and Paper space
Will be discussed in “Drawing Orthographic Projections in AutoCAD®”.
1. Display: Prints everything that you can see, at the moment, in the drawing area.
2. Extents: Prints the minimum area which will include everything that is drawn.
3. Limits: Prints the area that you have defined as your drawing size.
4. Window: Prints the area that you select using a window.
Figure 2.11-1 and 2.11-2 show a drawing and the printing results using the first
Three region selection methods. The line around the drawing’s title block indicates the
Limits/drawing size.
Q.3 Steps for SCALE a drawing?
This enlarges or reduces selected objects equally in X and Y directions
At the command prompt, enter scale
Select objects: use an object selection method
Base point: specify a point (1)
<Scale factor>/reference: specify a scale or enter r
Q.4 Steps for setting up of a Units?
The format for display co – ordinates and measurement can be selected
According to the requirement. Several measurement styles are available in ACAD. The main methods are engineering and architectural, having specific base unit assigned to them.
i. Decimal: select to enter and display measurements in decimal notation
Ii. Engineering: Display measurements in feet and decimal inches.
Iii. Architectural: Display measurements in feet, inches and fractional inches
Iv. Fractional: Display measurements in mixed numbers notation
v. Scientific: Display measurements in scientific notation.
The precision that is specified controls the number of decimal places or fractional size to which we want linear measurements displayed.
Q.5 Steps for setting up of a LIMITS?
LIMITS
This sets and controls the drawing boundaries.
At the command prompt, enter limits
ON/OFF/<LOWER LEFT CORNER> <current>: Specify a point, enter on or off, or
Press
Enter.
Q.6 EXPLAIN ISO and ANSI standards for coordinate ?
In order for the drawings to be dimensioned so that all people can understand them, we need to follow standards that every company in the world must follow. Standards are created by these organizations:
-ANSI-MIL
-ISO-DOD
-DIN-CEN
-JIS
- ANSI - American National Standards Institute - This institute creates the engineering standards for North America.
- ISO - International Organization for Standardization - This is a world wide organization that creates engineering standards with approximately 100 participating countries.
Q.7 Explain dimensioning and tolerancing?
Geometric Dimensioning and Tolerancing (GD&T) is a system for defining and communicating engineering tolerances. It uses a symbolic language on engineering drawings and computer-generated three-dimensional solid models that explicitly describe nominal geometry and its allowable variation. It tells the manufacturing staff and machines what degree of accuracy and precision is needed on each controlled feature of the part. GD&T is used to define the nominal (theoretically perfect) geometry of parts and assemblies, to define the allowable variation in form and possible size of individual features, and to define the allowable variation between features.
Dimensioning specifications define the nominal, as-modeled or as-intended geometry. One example is a basic dimension.
Tolerancing specifications define the allowable variation for the form and possibly the size of individual features, and the allowable variation in orientation and location between features.
Q.8 Explain the Procedures for Ortho snapping mode?
To add Ortho Snapping Mode to the Snaps toolbar:
- Open the Snaps toolbar, if necessary. To do so, right-click an empty part of the main toolbar, such as the area directly below one of the drop-down lists, and choose Snaps.
- Drag the right end of the toolbar to the right to make room for a new button.
- Choose Customize menu
Customize User Interface.
This opens the Customize User Interface dialog.
4. On the dialog, click the Toolbars tab.
5. Scroll down the Action list on the dialog to the Ortho Snapping Mode item. You can jump to the O section by clicking any item in the list and then pressing O on the keyboard.
6. Drag the Ortho Snapping Mode item from the list to the empty section of the Snaps toolbar. This adds the button to the toolbar.
7. Close the Customize User Interface dialog.
3ds Max automatically saves the toolbar in its revised state and makes the new button a permanent part of the user interface.
Q.9 Draw a rectangle using Cartesian coordinates?
We will be drawing the rectangle shown using lines defined by absolute and
Relative Cartesian coordinates.
1) View the Coordinates video.
2) Open your set-inch.dwt drawing template.
Drawing using relative polar coordinates
1)Review section 2.8.3).
2) Erase all the previously drawn objects.
