Introduction to Civil Engineering
Civil engineering is the work of designing and building infrastructure. It usually means large structures, like bridges, dams, buildings, and tunnels. It also constructed complex networks such as water, irrigation, and sewerage networks. Civil Engineering gives the named as it is since it has the part of science which deals with the comfort things essential for civilians with respect to its basic needs of shelter, transportation, workplace, and others. Civil infrastructure systems contain the design, analysis, and management of infrastructure subsidiary human activities, between, for example, electric power, oil and gas, water and wastewater, communications, transportation, and the collections of buildings that make up urban and rural communities. These networks bring essential services, provide shelter, and support social interactions and economic development. Civil engineers have become central figures in public development. Buildings and roads are providing by the basis of city infrastructure. Engineers not only provide them but used by their skills to optimize the performance and competence of community systems. Civil engineers take the work such as engineering work specific to building and improving community infrastructures. They plan, design, and monitor innovative building construction and improvements, rail and roadway projects, bridges, irrigation and sewer systems, dams, and other physical structures. In the initial part of the career, it will take to work very hard on both field and off-field. There is have a ration of cost & risk involved with the job. It is not a tie & get-up job, working day in and available in a well-furnished office. Engineering is the scientific discipline and profession elementary on scientific theories, mathematical methods, and empirical indication to design, create, and investigate technological solutions conscious of safety, human factors, physical laws, regulations, practicality, and cost. The engineering method (also called as engineering design) is an efficient method used to influence the specific solution to a problem. There are six steps (or phases): idea, concept, planning, design, development, and launch from problem definition to anticipated result. Civil engineers can make sure the design, construct, supervise, operate, and conserve large construction projects and systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and schemes for water supply and sewage treatment. Various civil engineers work in design, construction, research, and education. Civil Engineers are liable for the quality of creating, improving, and protecting our immediate environment. They plan and oversee construction and reconstruction, as well as the maintenance of roads, bridges, tunnels, railways, dams, harbors, power plants, and airports. Testability. Integrity. External integration is well defined. Ethics. Management. Civil engineers play an extremely significant role in society. They are liable for maintaining the overall safety of society in a number of ways including rural engineering. Constructing highways and buildings to bridges and tunnels, the responsibilities of civil engineers are several. Make a lifestyle suitable and easier. Make the greatest land-use capacity and resources maximum. Confirmed the best living standard of the common man in town. Civil engineers develop and improve the services and amenities we use every day: from supplying energy and clean water to homes, to processing and recycling waste, to finding solutions to problems like pollution. Civil engineers design and shape bridges, roads, railways, and tunnels. Civil Engineering is a professional engineering discipline and the oldest which deals with the constructed environment. Civil engineering is a branch of engineering which contracts with people, the civilization of a country, their needs, and basic facilities. So as long as there are humans and as long as we have a natural phenomenon like earthquakes and cyclones civil engineers will be required. Civil engineering takes place in the public sector from municipal through to national governments, and in the private sector from separate homeowners through to international companies. This correction of the examination and design of concrete and steel structures, such as multi-story buildings, bridges, towers, etc. It deals also with the knowledge of the durability and resistibility of such buildings for live loads, wind, and earthquakes. The study comprises also the study of the effects of building materials permitting international specifications. This field refuges the basic ideas of water science and its related theorems and applications. This comprises the methods of transporting water from sources to distribution sites finished channels and pipelines, water sources and storage systems, types of dams, and design methods. It comprises the adjustment of seawater movements and shore protection. This field is apprehensive with the study of the soil properties of the construction site and its bearing capacity. Geotechnical engineering is concerned also with suitable solutions for any problem in the soil as well as the choice of the best and secured methods of design and construction of the foundation of engineering structures. This field is concerned with the study of the essential methods and techniques of environment protection as well as the availability of basic life elements such as water and air with a detailed level of quality to protect mankind's health and environment. This comprises the design and construction of water distribution networks, wastewater and stormwater collection systems, water treatment plants, and wastewater treatment for recovery in industrial and agricultural fields. Environmental engineering contains also the study of the different techniques of controlling air, water, and soil pollution as well as the suitable disposal or reprocess of solid and hazardous wastes. This self-control involves the present and future wide-ranging planning of the requirements of transportation systems, as well as the specifications of these systems such as those of roads, airports, parking lots, etc. and the management of traffic volumes with the essential design of the traffic signals and public transportation. The civil engineer is concerned with the management of engineering projects including planning and control of cost, time, and quality. This field is a multi-discipline area, which demands knowledge nearby business, economy, computer applications, constructability, construction equipment and methods, choice and risk analysis, engineering management, law, safety, and productivity.
Unit - 1
Basic Understanding
Q1) What is civil engineering/ infrastructure?
A1)
Q2) Write some Advantages and disadvantages of civil engineers?
A2)
Advantages:
Disadvantages:
Q3) Define Basics of Engineering and Civil Engineering.
A3)
Q4) What are the different Engineering Principles?
A4)
Q5) Brief Importance of Civil Engineering.
A5)
Q6) Give some possible scopes for a career in Civil Engineering?
A6) A career after civil engineering is highly rewarding. Some jobs contain supervision, construction, design, and training of private as well as public projects, such as dams, highways, canals, water sewages, and bridges.
The talent demands excellent skills for both the administration and supervision of projects.
In civil engineering, many branches are there such as structural engineering, environmental engineering, water resources engineering, construction project management, geotechnical engineering, transportation engineering. every branch has good scope but it depends from place to place and capability.
Any basic engineering field is good for your career at all times. Precisely, civil engineering also the advantage of getting a government job in almost every sector.
Q7) What are the different disciplines of Civil Engineering?
A7)
1) Structural Engineering:
2) Water Resources and Hydraulics Engineering:
3) Geotechnical Engineering
4) Environmental Engineering
5) Transportation Engineering
6) Construction Engineering and Management
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