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Introduction to Civil Engineering

Unit - 3

Overview of National Planning for Construction and Infrastructure Development

Q1) What are the Objectives of the Five Year Plan of India?

A1)

1) Economic Growth

2) Economic Equity and Social Justice

3) Full Employment

4) Economic Self-Reliance

Its period was 1974 to 1979.

In this plan top importance was given to agriculture, next came to industry and mines.

Overall, this plan was successful which completed growth of 4.8% against the target of 4.4%.

The draft of this plan was arranged and launched by the D.P. Dhar. This plan was terminated in 1978.

Planning plays an essential role in the smooth functioning of an economy.

In 1950, the Government set up the Planning Commission to create, progress, and execute India’s five-year plans.

In the article, we will look at each five-year plan of India and how it helps reach the basic objectives of growth, employment, self-reliance, and also social justice.

Further, it also takes into justification the new constraints and possibilities to make the necessary directional deviations and emphasis.

Q2) What is the Overview of National Planning for Construction and Infrastructure Development?

A2) Infrastructure development is the construction and improvement of foundational services to spark economic growth and improvements in quality of life.

A key feature of the inclusive growth strategy in the Eleventh Plan is that growth of GDP should not be conserved as an end in itself, but only as a means toward inclusive growth.

The Eleventh Plan outlines a comprehensive strategy for the development of both rural and urban infrastructure, defined to comprise electric power, roads, railways, ports, airports, telecommunications, irrigation, drinking water, sanitation, storage, and warehousing.

The strategy for infrastructure development has been intended to rely as much as possible on private sector investment through various forms of PPP.

Both the central government and the states have seen variable degrees of success in attracting private investment in areas such as power generation, telecommunications, roads, railways, airports, and ports.

India’s Eleventh Plan contains strategies and plans for infrastructure development and inclusive growth from 2007 to 2012.

The Eleventh Plan’s strategy contains an increase in investment in infrastructure through both the community and private sectors.

In the private sector, the strategy is to help investment directly where feasible or through some form of public-private partnership (PPP).

Public investment has been given significance in areas where private participation is unlikely to be forthcoming.

Q3) Define Economic Development.

A3)

Economic development is a term that economics politician and others have used frequently in the 20th century, modernization westernization and particularly development are other terms people have used while discussing economic development.

Economic development has a direct relationship with the environment.

Government undertaking to meet go away economic objectives such as price stability, high employment, and sustainable growth, such efforts contain financial and economic policies, regulations of financial industry trade, and tax policies.

Q4) Describe Current budgets for infrastructure works presented by Finance Minister.

A4) The Union Budget for 2019-20 was publicized by Ms. Nirmala Sitharaman, Minister for Finance and Corporate Affairs, Government of India, in Parliament on July 05, 2019.

India is all set to become a US$ 3 trillion economy by the end of FY20.

The budget emphases on dipping red tape, making the best use of technology, building social infrastructure, digital India, pollution-free India, make in India, job creation in Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) and participating heavily in infrastructure

To augment India's infrastructure and generate jobs, the government has launched Rs 103 trillion infra projects further providing about Rs 1.70 trillion for transport infrastructure and accelerating highways construction, Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said on Saturday.

Presenting the Union Budget 2020-21 in Parliament, Sitharaman said the focus is on infrastructure for economic development and 6,500 projects across subdivisions under National Infrastructure Pipeline (NIP) envisions simplicity of living for citizens.

Q5) What is the Position of construction industry vis-à-vis other industries?

A5) The Construction industry of India is an important display of the development as it creates investment opportunities across various associated sectors.

With a share of around 8.2%, the construction industry has donated an estimated ₹670,778 crores (US$ 131 billion) to the national GDP at factor cost in 2011–12.

Construction is a significant sector that contributes greatly to the economic growth of a nation.

The Construction Industry is an investment-led sector where government illustrations high interest.

Government contracts with Construction Industry to progress infrastructure related to health, transport as well as the education sector

Both involve manual labor to produce approximately for commercial purposes.

Construction generally mentions the creation of physical structures such as buildings, bridges, or roadways.

Manufacturing typically denotes to the production of complete goods sold to distributors, retailers or consumers

The products of construction differ in many essential ways from those of manufacturing. Major appearances of constructed products: immobility, complexity, durability, costliness, and a high degree of social responsibility.

The sector is labor-intensive and, comprising subsidiary jobs, employs more than 49.5 million people.

The construction sector is imagined to play a powerful role in economic growth, in addition to producing structures that enhance productivity and quality of life.

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