EC101 Network Theory

Unit 1

Introduction to signals, their classification and properties, different types
of systems, LTI systems and their properties, periodic waveforms and signal
synthesis, properties and applications of Laplace transform

Unit 2

System modeling in terms of differential equations and transient response
of R, L, C, series and parallel circuits for impulse, step, ramp, sinusoidal and
exponential signals by classical method and using Laplace transform.

Unit 3

Graph theory : Concept of tree, Tie-set matrix, Cut-set matrix and applica-
tion to solve electric networks. Two port networks – Introduction of two port

parameters and their interconversion, Interconnection of two 2-port networks,

Open circuit and Short circuit impedances and ABCD constants, Relation be-
tween image impedances and Short circuit and Open circuit impedances.

Unit 4

Network functions, their properties and concept of transfer impedance, Hurwitz
polynomial ,Positive real function and synthesis of LC, RC, RL Networks in
Foster’s I and II, Cauer’s I and II forms.

Unit 5

Introduction of passive filter and their classification, frequency response, Char-
acteristic impedance of low pass, high pass, Band Pass and Band reject proto-
type section

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers
1 “Engineering Circuit Analysis”, by W H Hayt, TMH Eighth Edition
2 “Network analysis and synthesis”, by F F Kuo, John Weily and Sons, 2nd
Edition
3 “Circuit Theory”, by S Salivahanan, Vikas Publishing House 1st Edition, 2014
4 “Network analysis”, by M. E. Van Valkenburg, PHI, 2000
5 “Networks and Systems”, by D. R. Choudhary, New Age International, 1999
6 “Electric Circuit”, Bell Oxford Publications, 7th Edition.

EC103 Object Oriented Programming

Unit 1

Introduction to C++ : Object Oriented Technology, Advantages of OOP,

Input-output in C++, Tokens, Keywords, Identifiers, Data Types C++, De-
rives data types. The void data type, Type Modifiers, Typecasting, Constant,

Operator, Precedence of Operators, Strings.

Unit 2

Control Structures : Decision making statements like if-else, Nested if-else,
goto, break, continue, switch case, Loop statement like for loop, nested for
loop, while loop, do-while loop.

Unit 3

Functions : Parts of Function, User-defined Functions, Value-Returning Func-
tions, void Functions, Value Parameters, Function overloading, Virtual Func-
tions.

Unit 4

Classes and Data Abstraction : Structure in C++, Class, Build-in Op-
erations on Classes,Assignment Operator and Classes, Class Scope, Reference

parameters and Class Objects (Variables), Member functions, Accessor and
Mutator Functions, Constructors, default Constructor, Destructors.

Unit 5

Overloading and Templates : Operator Overloading, Function Overload-
ing, Function Templates, Class Templates.

Unit 6

Inheritance : Single and Multiple Inheritance, virtual Base class, Abstract
Class, Pointer and Inheritance, Overloading Member Function.

Unit 7

Pointers and Arrays : Void Pointers, Pointer to Class, Pointer to Object,
The this Pointer, Void Pointer, Arrays.

Unit 8

Exception Handling : The keywords try, throw and catch. Creating own
Exception Classes, Exception Handling Techniques (Terminate the Program,
Fix the Error and Continue, Log the Error and Continue), Stack Unwinding.

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers

1“Thinking in C++”, Volume 1 and 2 by Bruce Eckel, Chuck Allison, Pearson
Education
2 “Mastering C++”, 1/e by Venugopal, TataMcGraw Hill.
3“Object Oriented Programming with C++”, 3/e by E. Balaguruswamy, Tata
McGraw Hill.
4“Starting Out with Object Oriented Programming in C++”, by Tony Gaddis,
Wiley India.

BS101 Mathematics III

Unit1 (6 Lectures): Polynomials: Orthogonal Polynomials –Lagrange’s, Cheby-
sev Polynomials; Trigonometric Polynomials; Wavelet transforms : properties,methods, inverses and their applications.

Unit2 (10 Lectures): Sets, relations and functions: Basic operations on sets,
Cartesian products, disjoint union (sum), and power sets. Different types of
relations, their compositions and inverses. Different types of functions: Ber
and Bei functions; recurrence relations, orthogonality properties.

Unit3 (6 Lectures): Introduction to Graphs: Graphs and their basic properties
– degree, path, cycle, subgraph, isomorphism, Eulerian and Hamiltonian walk,
trees.

Unit4 (10 Lectures): Basic Statistics: Measures of Central tendency: Mo-
ments, skewness and Kurtosis ; Probability distributions - Binomial, Poisson

and Normal ; evaluation of statistical parameters for these three distributions,
Correlation and regression – Rank correlation.

Unit5 (10 Lectures): Applied Statistics: Curve fitting by the method of least
squares- fitting of straight lines, second degree parabolas and more general
curves. Test of significance: Large sample test for single proportion, difference
of proportions, single mean, difference of means, and difference of standard
deviations.

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers

1. Erwin Kreyszig, Advanced Engineering Mathematics, 9th Edition, John
Wiley and amp; Sons, 2006.
2. N.P. Bali and Manish Goyal, A text book of Engineering Mathematics,
Laxmi Publications, Reprint, 2010.

3. Veerarajan T., Engineering Mathematics (for semester III), Tata McGraw-
Hill, New Delhi, 2010
4.C. L. Liu, Elements of Discrete Mathematics, 2nd Ed., Tata McGraw-Hill,
2000.

ES102 Electrical & Electronic Material

Unit 1

Atomic structure and bonding in materials. Crystal structure of materials,
Crystal systems, Unit cells and space lattices, Determination of structures of
simple crystals by X-ray diffraction, Miller indices of planes and directions,

Packing geometry in Metallic, Ionic and Covalent solids. Concept of amor-
phous, single and polycrystalline structures and their effect on properties of

materials. Crystal growth techniques. Imperfections in crystalline solids and
their role in influencing various properties.

Unit 2

Band theory of Solids : Energy band diagram, E – K Diagram, Reduced E
– K Diagram, Insulators, Semiconductors & Conductors.

Unit 3

Semiconductor : Single Crystal, Polycrystalline and Amorphous, Fermi –
Dirac Distribution, Hall effect, Intrinsic & Extrinsic, N type & P type, Crystal
growth – (1) Preparation of electronic grade polycrystal in Siemens reactor,(2)

Czochrarlski Method & Float Zone method of bulk single crystal ingot prepara-
tion (3) Mirror finished wafer preparation (4) Epitaxial film growth – Chemical

Vapor phase Deposition & Liquid Phase Epitaxy (5) Molecular Beam Epitaxy.

Unit 4

Dielectric behavior of materials : Polarization, Dielectric constant at low
frequency & high frequency, Dielectric loss, Piezoelectricity & FerroElectricity

Unit 5

Magnetic Properties : Origin of magnetism in metallic and ceramic ma-
terials, Paramagnetism, Diamagnetism, Antiferromagnetism, Ferromagnetism,

Ferrimagnetism, magnetic hysteresis, Influence of temperature on magnetic be-
haviour, domains and Hysteresis.

Unit 6

Superconductors : Low and High temperature (YBaCuO) superconductors,
Meissner effect, Applications.

Unit 7

Printed Circuit Board : Manufacturing process, Single- & Double-sided
boards, surface mounted devices

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers

1 “Solid State Physics”, by Kittel, McGraw Hill.
2“Principles of Electric Engineering Materials & Devices”, by S.O. Kasp, Mc-
Graw Hill.

3“Structure & properties of materials (VOL VI), Electronic Properties”, by
Robert M. Rose, Lawrence A.Shepherd & John Wulf, Wiley Eastern Ltd.

EC104 Digital Circuits

Unit 1

Digital Principle : Analog vs Digital, Number system, Computer Codes,
Digital Signals, Waveforms Positive and Negative logic, Logic Gate : basic,
universal and others, Truth Table, Logic functions, IC Chips, Timing Diagram,
Electrical analogy.

Unit 2

Boolean laws and theorems : Logic functions, Conversion of logic func-
tions into truth table and vice versa. SOP and POS forms of representation,

Canonical form, minterms and maxterms, Simplification of logic functions by
theorems and Karnaugh’s map, don’t care conditions.

Unit 3

Analysis and synthesis of Combinational logic circuits: Compara-
tors, Multiplexers, Encoder, Decoder, 7 Segment Display, Half Adder and Full

Adder, Subtractors, Serial and Parallel Adders, BCD Adder

Unit 4

Sequential circuit blocks and latches : Flip-Flops-Race around condition,
Master-Slave and Edge triggered SR, JK, D and T Flip Flop, Shift registers,
Counters-Synchronous and Asynchronous: Design of ripple counter

Unit 5

Timing circuit : Multivibrators, Monostable and Astable timer: LM555

Unit 6

Integrated circuit logic families : RTL, DTL, TTL, CMOS, IIL/I2L (In-
tegrated Injection logic and Emitter Coupled logic).

Unit 7

Use of building blocks : Designing larger systems such as Digital-to-Analog
Converters (DAC) : Weighted resistors and R-2R, Analog-to-Digital(ADC)-
converter, counter and succession.

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers
1 “Digital Fundamentals”, Floyd and Jain., Pearson
2 “Digital Logic and Computer Design”, M.Morris Mano, Pearson
3 “Fundamentals of Digital Circuits”, A.Anand Kumar, PHI
4 “Digital Systems”, Ronald J.Tocci, Neal S.Widmer, Pearson

EC105 Analog Circuits

Unit 1

Small signal amplifiers : CB, CE, CC configurations, hybrid model for
transistor at low frequencies, RC coupled amplifiers, mid band model, gain

and impedance, comparisons of different configurations, Emitter follower, Dar-
lington pair (derive voltage gain, current gain, input and output impedance).

Hybrid-model at high frequencies (pi - model).

Unit 2

Multistage Amplifiers : Cascade and Cascode amplifiers, Calculations of
gain, impedance and bandwidth. Design of multistage amplifiers. Feedback
Amplifiers: Feedback concept, Classification of Feedback amplifiers, Properties

of negative Feedback amplifiers, Impedance considerations in different config-
urations. Analysis of feedback Amplifiers.

Unit 3

Field Effect Transistor : Introduction, Classification, FET characteristics,
Operating point, Biasing, FET small signal Model, Enhancement and Depletion
type MOSFETs, FET Amplifier configurations (CD,CG and CS).

Unit 4

Oscillators : Barkhausen criterion , Sinusoidal Oscillators, the RC phase-
shift oscillator, resonant circuit Oscillators, a general form of oscillator circuit,

the Wien -bridge oscillator, Crystal oscillators, Hartley, Colpitt’s and Clapp’s
Oscillator.

Unit 5

Power Amplifiers : Power dissipations in transistors, Amplifiers Classifica-
tion, (Class-A, Class-B, Class-C, Class-AB) Efficiency analysis, Push-Pull and

Complementary Push-pull amplifiers, Cross over distortion and Harmonic dis-
tortion in Push-Pull amplifier. Tuned amplifiers (single, double and stagger

tuned amplifier).

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers

1 “Electronic Devices and Circuit Theory”, Boylestad and Nashelsky, PEARSON
PUBLICATION.
2 “Electronic devices and circuits”, Salivahanan, Suresh Kumar, Vallavaraj,
TMH, 1999
3 “Integrated Electronics, Analog and Digital Circuits and Systems”, J. Millman
and Halkias, TMH, 2000
4 “Micro Electronic Circuits”, Sedra and Smith, Oxford University Press, 2000
5 “Electronic Devices and Circuits”, David A Bell, Oxford University Press, 2000

EC108 Electromagnetic Theory

Unit 1

Introduction to Vector Algebra, Coordinate Systems and Transformation, Vec-
tor Calculus. Electrostatics : Coulomb’s law, Gauss’s law and its applica-
tions, the potential functions, Equipotential surface, Poisson’s and Laplace’s

equation, Applications (solution for some simple cases), Capacitance, Elec-
trostatic energy, Conductor properties and boundary conditions between di-
electricS and dielectric-conductor interface, Uniqueness Theorem.

Unit 2

Magnetostatics : Biot-Savart law, Ampere’s circuital law, Curl, Stoke’s the-
orem, Magnetic flux and magnetic flux density, Energy stored in magnetic field,

Ampere’s force law, Magnetic vector potential, Analogy between electric and
magnetic field.

Unit 3

Maxwell’s equations, Equation of Continuity for time varying field. Inconsis-
tency of Ampere’s circuital law, Maxwell’s equations in differential and integral

form.
Electromagnetic waves : Solution of wave equation in free space, Uniform

plane wave propagation, Uniform plane waves, the wave equation for conduct-
ing medium, Wave propagation in lossless medium and in conductive medium,

Conductors and dielectrics, Polarization

Unit 4

Reflections and Refractions : Reflection by a perfect conductor with normal
as well as oblique incidence. Reflection and refraction by perfect dielectrics with
normal and oblique incidence. Surface impedance.
Poynting vector : Poynting theorem, Instantaneous, Average and Complex
Poynting vector, Power loss in a plane conductor.

Unit 5

Transmission Lines : Transmission line theory, low loss radio-frequency and
UHF transmission line. UHF line as a transformer, voltage step up of the
quarter wave transformer. Transmission line chart (Smith Chart).

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers

1 “Time-harmonic Electromagnetic Fields”, R. F. Harrington, Wiley-IEEE Press,
2001
2 “Fields and Waves in Communication Electronics”, Ramo, S., Whinnery, J.R.,
and Van Duzer, T., 3rd Ed., John Wiley and Sons, 1994
3 “Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics”, Balanis, C.E., Wiley India Pvt.
Ltd., Reprint, 2008
4 “Microwave Engineering”, Pozar, D.M., 3rd Ed., John Wiley and Sons, 2004

EC107 Analog Communication

Unit 1

Introduction to the communication system : Block diagram of commu-
nication system and comparative study of analog and digital communication.

Unit 2

Modulation(upward frequency translation) and demodulation (downward fre-
quency translation) and the need for modulation: broad classification of modu-
lation [linear (amplitude-AM) and exponential (frequency-FM and phase-PM)]

Unit 3

Generation of double side band (DSB) with carrier, double side band with

suppressed carrier (DSB-SC) and single side band with suppressed carrier: De-
modulation of double side band with carrier –incoherent detector or envelope

detector, peak diode detector, coherent or synchronous detection of DSBSC
and single side band with suppressed carrier.

Unit 4

Superhetrodyne Receivers : Characteristics , Intermediate Frequency and
its advantages, image rejection of the Receiver.

Unit 5

Generation of FM signals(direct and indirect methods) and Demodulation.

Unit 6

Noise: Different types of Noise, SNR in AM, FM and PM System and use of
emphasis Circuit in FM for SNR optimization.

Unit 7

Analog pulse modulation : PAM, PWM, PPM and demodulation; compar-
ative study of various analog pulse modulation

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers
1 “Electronic Communication system”, by Kennedy. TMH.
2 “Communication system”, by Haykin, Wiley
3 “Communication system”, by Bruce carison . TMH.
4 “Modern Digital And Analog Communication”, B.P.LATHI Oxford

EC102 Signals and Systems

Unit 1

Introduction to Signal and System : Definition, classification of systems, standard test signal, properties of system, properties of linear system, Proper- ties: linearity: additivity and homogeneity, Shift-invariance, Causality

Unit 2

Linear time-invariant (LTI) systems, impulse response and step response, con-volution, Characterization of causality and stability of linear time-invariant systems. System representation through differential equations and difference equations.

Unit 3

Laplace transformation : Laplace transform of some important function, Shift theorem and its application, Laplace transform of periodic signals, Functional analysis of response, Initial and Final value theorems, Response to periodic sinusoidal excitation, Region Of Convergence, Poles and Zeros of system, Laplace domain analysis, Solution to differential equations.

Unit 4

Analysis of Fourier Methods : Fourier series expansion, Functional symmetry condition, Exponential form of Fourier series, Fourier integral and Fourier transform, Multiplication and their effect in the frequency domain, Magnitude and Phase response, DTFT, Parseval’s Theorem

Unit 5

Z-transformation : Z transform of Discrete time signal, LTI system, solution of difference equation, Application of Z transform to open loop system, Region Of Convergence, z-domain analysis.

Name of Authors / Books /Publishers

1“Signal and System”, A.V Oppenheim, A.S Willsky and I.T Young, Prentice Hall
2“Signals and Systems - Continuous and Discrete”, R.F. Ziemer, W.H. Tranter and D.R. Fannin, 4th edition, Prentice Hall
3 “Analysis of Linear System” by D.K Cheng, Narosa pub. House
4 “Signal & system” by H.P Hsu, Tata McGraw Hill

Basic Electronics

Unit 1

PN junction diode : Depletion layer, Barrier potential, Forward and
Reverse bias, Breakdown voltage, I-V characteristics of PN junction diode,
Knee voltage, Ideal PN junction diode, Diode capacitances, Breakdown diodes
(Avalanche and Zener diode). Photodiode and Light Emitting Diode.

Unit 2

Rectifiers and filters : Half wave and Full wave rectifiers (Centre-tap and
Bridge), Regulation, Ripple factor, R-C, L-C and Pi filters. Clipping and
Clamping circuits, Voltage multiplier.

Unit 3

BJT: Basic theory and Operation of PNP and NPN transistors, Characteristics
of C-B, C-E and C-C configuration. Biasing : Base bias, Emitter feedback bias,
Voltage divider bias, Load line, Operating point, Incremental analysis using
hybrid model.

Unit 4

FET : Introduction, Operation, I-V characteristics, JFET parameters, JFET
amplifiers.
MOSFET: Introduction, Operation, MOSFET parameters.

Unit 5

Integrated circuit: Characteristics of an ideal Operational Amplifier.
Application as inverting, noninverting amplifiers. Summer, Difference Amplifier,
Differentiator, Integrator. Feedback Amplifiers.