Internal Combustion Engines

Module:1 Basics of IC Engines, Engine components and classification: Two strokes, four stroke (SI and CI) engines, engines parts, engines working principle and valve timing diagram. Ideal cycles and Fuel-air cycles. 

Module: 2
Engine performance-test: purpose and types, measurement of power, Engine system & performance parameters evaluation. 

Module: 3
Combustion in SI and CI engines: Stages of combustion in SI engines, abnormal combustion and knocking in SI engines, factors affecting knocking, effects of knocking, control of knocking, combustion chambers for SI engines, Stages of combustion in CI engines, detonation in C.I. engines, factors affecting detonation, controlling detonation, combustion chamber for SI and CI engine. 

Module: 4
Fuel supply systems in SI and CI engines, carburetors, Port fuel injection, Direct injection and Common rail injection.

Module: 5
Ignition system: Battery and magneto ignition system, spark plug, firing order, quality, quantity & hit and miss governing. Lubrication system and Cooling system: Lubrication of engine components, Lubrication system – wet sump and dry sump, crankcase ventilation, Types of cooling systems – liquid and air cooled, comparison of liquid and air cooled systems. 

Module: 6
Measurement and Testing of IC engines: Measurement of indicated power, brake power, fuel consumption and emission, Measurement of friction power by Willan’s Line Method and Morse Test, calculation of brake thermal efficiency, brake power and brake specific fuel consumption of IC Engines, variable compression ratio engines, heat balance sheet of IC Engines. Engine Emission and their control: Air pollution due to IC engines, constituent and types of emission HC, CO and NOx emission, catalytic convertor. Advanced IC Engine concepts.
 

Module: 7
Super charging, engine lubrication and cooling.

Module: 1
Types of automobiles, vehicle construction and layouts, Car body Style, chassis, frame and body, vehicle aerodynamics, IC engines-components, function and materials, variable valve timing (VVT), Front engine front wheel drive, Front engine Rear wheel drive, foure wheel drive.

Module: 2
Engine auxiliary systems, electronic injection for SI and CI engines, unit injector system, rotary distributor type and common rail direct injection system, transistor based coil ignition & capacitive discharge ignition systems, turbo chargers (WGT, VGT), engine emission control by 3-way catalytic converter system, Emission norms (Euro & BS). 

Module: 3
Transmission systems, clutch types, cone clutch, Single plate, multi plate, diaphragm spring & centrifugal clutch, electromagnetic clutch & construction, gear boxes- manual and automatic gear shift mechanisms, over drive principles, transfer box, Transaxles, flywheel, torque converter, propeller shaft, slip joints, universal joints, differential and rear axle, Hotchkiss drive and Torque tube drive. 

Module:4
Steering geometry and types of steering gear box, power steering, types of front axle, types of suspension systems, constructional details & characteristics of Leaf spring, pneumatic and hydraulic braking systems, antilock braking system (ABS), electronic brake force distribution (EBD) and traction control. 

Module: 5
Caster, Camber, King pin inclination Toe in Toe out, Full Floating, three quarter floating &semi Floating rear axles. 

Module: 6
Alternative energy sources, natural gas, LPG, biodiesel, bio-ethanol, gasohol and hydrogen fuels in automobiles, modifications needed, performance, combustion & emission characteristics of alternative fuels in SI and CI engines, Electric and Hybrid vehicles, application of Fuel Cells.

Non-Destructive Testing

Unit-I:
Introduction:
Scope and advantages of NDT, Comparison of NDT with Destructive Testing, some commonNDT
methods used since ages, Terminology, Flaws and Defects, Visual inspection, Equipmentused for visual
inspection. Ringing test, chalk test (oil whitening test). Uses of visual inspectiontests in detecting
surface defects and their interpretation, advantages & limitations of visualinspection.
Unit-II:
Tests:
Die penetrate test (liquid penetrate inspection), Principle, scope. Equipment & techniques, Testsstations,
Advantages, types of penetrants and developers, Zyglo test, Illustrative examples andinterpretation of
defects.
Magnetic particle Inspection – scope and working principle, Ferro Magnetic and
Nonferromagneticmaterials, equipment & testing. Advantages, limitations Interpretation of results,DC
& AC magnetization, Skin Effect, use of dye & wet powders for magna glow testing,different methods
to generate magnetic fields, Applications.
Unit-III:
Radiographic methods:
Introduction to electromagnetic waves and radioactivity, various decays, Attenuation ofelectromagnetic
radiations, Photo electric effect, Rayleigh’s scattering (coherent scattering),Compton’s scattering
(Incoherent scattering), Pair production, Beam geometry and Scatteringfactor.
X-ray radiography: principle, equipment & methodology, applications, types of radiations
andlimitations. γ-ray radiography – principle, equipment., source of radioactive materials &technique,
advantages of γ-ray radiography over X-ray radiography Precautions against radiationhazards. Case
Study - casting and forging.
Unit-IV:
Ultrasonic testing methods:
Introduction, Principle of operation, Piezoelectricity. Ultrasonic probes, CRO techniques,advantages,
Limitation & typical applications. Applications in inspection of castings, forgings,Extruded steel parts,
bars, pipes, rails and dimensions measurements. Case Study –Ultrasonography of human body.
Unit-V:
Special NDT Techniques:
Eddy Current Inspection:
Principle, Methods, Equipment for ECT, Techniques, Sensitivity,advanced ECT methods. Application,
scope and limitations, types of Probes and Case Studies.Introduction to Holography, Thermography and
Acoustic emission Testing.

Hydraulics and Pneumatics

Unit 1: Basics of Fluid Power and Pumps 
Fluid power basics, advantages and limitations, fluid power distribution, standard symbols, energy loss in hydraulic systems. Pumps - types, classification, principle of working and constructional details of vane pumps, gear pumps, radial and axial plunger pumps, screw pumps, power and efficiency calculations, and characteristics curves.

Unit 2: Actuators and Power Unit
Linear and rotary actuators- types, construction and characteristics. Cylinder mountings, cushioning of cylinders. Power units and accessories - types of power units, reservoir assembly, constructional details. Accumulators, Intensifiers, Pressure and Temperature switches /sensors, level sensors.

Unit 3: Fluid Power Control 
Direction control valves - center positions, methods of actuation, two stage valves, Flow control valves - pressure and temperature compensated. Pressure control valves - pressure reducing valve, sequence valve, unloading valve, brake valve, back pressure valve, counter balance valve, check valves, prefill valve, servo valves, cartridge valves, proportional valves.

Unit 4: Hydraulic Circuits and Contamination Control 
Hydraulic circuits: Simple reciprocating, regenerative, speed control (meter in, meter out and bleed off), sequencing, synchronization, traverse and feed, automatic reciprocating, fail safe circuit, counter balance circuit, actuator locking, unloading circuit, motor breaking circuit etc. Contamination control: Contamination, sources of contamination, suction strainer, filters, filtration, filter ratings.

Unit 5: Pneumatics – Components, Control Valves and Circuits 
Compressors - Types, principle of working and constructional details. Comparison of pneumatic with hydraulic power transmissions. Types of filters, pressure regulators, lubricators, mufflers, dryers, direction control valves, pneumatic actuators, shuttle valve, two pressure valve, quick exhaust valve and time delay valves, electro-pneumatics. Speed regulating methods, pneumatic circuits, reciprocating, cascading time delay etc. Application of pneumatics in low cost automation and in industrial automation.

Unit 6: System Analysis and Design 
Calculation of piston velocity, thrust under static and dynamic applications, considering friction, inertia loads, design considerations for cylinders, Design of hydraulic/pneumatic circuits for practical application, selection of different components such as reservoir, control elements, actuators, accumulator, intensifier, filters, pumps. (Students are advised to refer manufacturers’ catalogues for design and use simulation tool like Automation Studio for analysis).

ROE083 MACHINE LEARNING

UNIT-I

INTRODUCTION – Well defined learning problems, Designing a Learning
System, Issues in Machine Learning; THE CONCEPT LEARNING TASK -
General-to-specific ordering of hypotheses, Find-S, List then eliminate
algorithm, Candidate elimination algorithm, Inductive bias

UNIT-II

DECISION TREE LEARNING - Decision tree learning algorithm-Inductive
bias- Issues in Decision tree learning; ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS –
Perceptrons, Gradient descent and the Delta rule, Adaline, Multilayer networks,
Derivation of backpropagation rule Backpropagation AlgorithmConvergence,
Generalization;

UNIT-III

Evaluating Hypotheses: Estimating Hypotheses Accuracy, Basics of sampling
Theory, Comparing Learning Algorithms; Bayesian Learning: Bayes theorem,
Concept learning, Bayes Optimal Classifier, Naïve Bayes classifier, Bayesian
belief networks, EM algorithm;

UNIT-IV

Computational Learning Theory: Sample Complexity for Finite Hypothesis
spaces, Sample Complexity for Infinite Hypothesis spaces, The Mistake Bound
Model of Learning; INSTANCE-BASED LEARNING – k-Nearest Neighbour

Learning, Locally Weighted Regression, Radial basis function networks, Case-
based learning

UNIT-V

Genetic Algorithms: an illustrative example, Hypothesis space search, Genetic

Programming, Models of Evolution and Learning; Learning first order rules-
sequential covering algorithms-General to specific beam search-FOIL;

REINFORCEMENT LEARNING - The Learning Task, Q Learning.

Business Regulatory Framework

Module – I
Overview of legal world, Law of Contract : Contract Act: Indian Contract Act, 1872, Agreement, Contract, Essentials of Contract (Offer & Acceptance, Consideration, Capacity of Parties, Free Consent, and Legality of Object), Performance and Discharge of Contract, Remedies for breach of contract, Quasi-Contract and Contingent Contract.

Module – II
Special Contracts: Contract of Agency: Mode of creating & revocation of Agency, Rights and Duties of Agents and Principals. Contract of Bailment (Rights and duties of Bailer and Bailee). Sales of Goods Act: Sale and agreement to sell, Condition and Warranty, Transfer of properties, Finder of Goods, Performance of Contract of sale, Unpaid seller and his rights.

Module- III
Consumer Protection Law: Consumers, Rights of Consumers, Redressal Machinery under the Act, Procedure of Complaint, Relief available to the consumers, Procedure of filing appeal, Powers of Redressal agencies, Unfair Trade Practices. Overview of Competition Act,

Module – IV
Company Law:Indian Companies Act 2013, Salient features and Classes of Company. Lifting of corporate veil, Procedure of Incorporation and Certificate of commencement of business, Memorandum and Articles of Association, Doctrine of ultra vires and Indoor Management, Management of Company: Qualification, Appointment of Directors, Company Meetings, Resolutions, Winding-up of Companies and their modes.

INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT AND FUNCTION

Module – I:Introduction- Introduction to Management: Concept, Definition, Functions; Levels of Management, Skills and Roles of a Manager; Management Process, School of Management thoughts: Pre-Scientific, Classical, Behavioral and Modern; Types of business organizations, merits and demerits, Public Organizations.

Module – II: Planning- Nature & Elements of Planning, Planning Types, Steps, MBO, MBE, Planning Premises. Decision making process, Decision Making under Risk and Uncertainty, Participation in Decision making, Creativity in decision making

Module – III: Organizing and Staffing- Formal and Informal, Line and Staff Relationship, Centralization Vs. Decentralization, Basic issues in Organizing, Work Specialization, Chain of Command, Delegation, Span of Management, Principles of organizing; Organization Structure for Departmentalization.

Module – IV: Directing and Controlling: Process, Standards and Bench Marking; Control techniques, Factors influencing control effectiveness, Co-ordination- Principles of Co-ordination; Inter-Dependence.

Intellectual Property Rights

Module I:
Introduction to Intellectual property: Introduction, types of intellectual property, international organizations, agencies and treaties, importance of intellectual property rights. Trade Marks: Purpose and function of trade marks, acquisition of trade mark rights, protectable matter, selecting and evaluating trade mark, trade mark registration processes.

Module II:
Law of copy rights: Fundamental of copy right law, originality of material, rights of reproduction, rights to perform the work publicly, copy right ownership issues, copy right registration, notice of copy right, international copy right law. Law of patents: Foundation of patent law, patent searching process, ownership rights and transfer

Module III:
Trade Secrets: Trade secrete law, determination of trade secrete status, liability for misappropriations of trade secrets, protection for submission, trade screte litigation. Unfair competitiion: Misappropriation right of publicity, False advertising.

Module IV:
New development of intellectual property: new developments in trade mark law; copy right law, patent law, intellectual property audits. International overview on intellectual property, international - trade mark law, copy right law, international patent law, international development in trade secrets law.