Advanced Electrical Engineering (BESII-5)

Total Credits: 03

Unit – I : Introduction to Electrical Power System :
Introduction to Power Generation (Thermal, Hydro, Nuclear, Wind, and Solar) with block schematic presentation only. Single line diagram for Generation, Transmission & Distribution through different voltage levels; Low voltage distribution system (Over head & Underground, single phase & three phase)
Necessity of equipment earthings, Fuses (Rewirable & HRC), MCB, ELCB (Elementary concepts only), Basic operation of UPS & Invertors (Block schematic representation).

Unit – II :DC Machines 
Construction of a D.C Machine (without details of armature winding), Principle of working as a generator and as a motor, EMF equation of a DC machine, types of DC machines.
Concept of Back EMF, speed and torque equations, characteristics of motors, necessity of starters, Applications of DC motors.

Unit – III :Utilization of Electrical Energy Tariff
One part (KWH based) tariff with simple numerical: Students should be able to calculate the domestic electricity charges.
Illumination:
Definitions of luminous flux, luminous intensity, candle power, illumination, luminance, luminous efficiency (lumens/watt) of different types of lamps, working principle of Fluorescent/ Sodium Vapour/ Mercury vapour & CFL Lamps. Simple numerical to determine number of lamps to attain a given average lux level in an area.

Unit – IV :AC motor

Three-phase Induction Motors : Working principle, types & constructions of three phase Induction Motor, synchronous speed, torque, slip, torque -speed characteristic, application (No numerical).
Single Phase Induction Motor: Types of single phase Induction motors, operating principle and their applications.

Books Recommended:
1) Basic Electrical Engineering, S.N. Singh, PHI, Learning Private Limited.
2) A Text Book Of Electrical Technology, B. L. Tharaja and A. K. Tharaja, S. Chand Publication (Volume II & III)
3) Electrical Machines M. N. Bandyopadhya, PHI, Learning Private Limited.
4) Electrical Machines, Ashfaq Husain, Dhanpatrai Company, 4th edition.
5) Basic Electrical Engineering, D.C. Kulshreshtha, revised 1st edition, Tata Mc-Graw Hill education pvt. Ltd.
6) Generation of Electrical Energy- B. R. Gupta 4th Edition S Chand Publication
7) Testing Commissioning Operation & Maintenance Of Electrical Equipment – S. Rao Khanna Publication

UNIT - I: Integral Calculus-I
Beta and Gamma functions, Differentiation of definite integral, Mean Value and Root Mean Square Values.

UNIT - II: Integral Calculus-II 
Tracing of curves (Cartesian and polar curves), Rectification of simple curves, Quadrature, volume and surface of solids of revolution (Cartesian, polar and parametric forms).

UNIT- III: Multiple Integrals and their Applications  

Elementary double integrals, Change of variable (simple transformations), Change of order of
integration, (Cartesian and polar), Applications to find Mass, Area, Volume and Centre of Gravity (Cartesian and polar forms), Elementary triple integrals.

UNIT - IV: Vector Differential Calculus 
Vector triple product, Product of four vectors, Scalar point function, Vector point Function, Vector differentiation, Gradient, Divergence and Curl, Directional derivatives with their physical interpretation, Solenoidal and irrotational motions.

UNIT- V: Vector Integral Calculus 
Vector integration, Line, Surface and Volume integrals, Statement (without proof) of Stoke‟s theorem, Gauss divergence theorem and Green‟s theorem, Simple applications of these theorems.

UNIT - VI: 
(A) Statistics
Fitting of straight line,  Parabola and Exponential curves by method of least squares, Lines of regression and Correlation, Rank correlation.

(B) Finite Differences:
Operator E and , Factorial notations, Langrange‟s interpolation formula for unequal intervals, Difference equations with constant coefficients.

Unit - I: Energy-I 
Fuels: Introduction: Calorific value, Higher and lower calorific value; determination of calorific value by Bomb and Boy‟s calorimeter; numerical based on calorific value determination;
Solid fuels-significance of proximate and ultimate analysis; numerical (Dulong‟s formula) Composition, properties, advantages, limitations and applications of bio-diesel, LPG, CNG

Non-conventional energy sources: General applications advantages and limitations of non-
conventional energy sources.

Rocket propellants: Principle and classification of propellants.

Unit – II: Energy-II 
Liquid fuels –fractional distillation of crude petroleum(boiling point wise separation only) use of gasoline and diesel in internal combustion engine: knocking and chemical constitution of fuel, Octane and Cetane number, doping agents, fischer-tropsch process for manufacturing synthetic gasoline; cracking of petroleum-principle, types , catalysts used, advantages
Combustion calculations – Numericals based on combustion calculations for solid, liquid and
gaseous fuels.

Unit – III: Lubrication 
Lubricants- Introduction, mechanisms-Hydrodynamic, boundary and extreme pressure lubrication; Classification-solid, semisolid and liquid lubricants;
Biodegradable lubricants-properties, application, advantages and limitations;
Synthetic lubricants-Silicones ,Lubricating emulsion; Properties of greases-drop point test and consistency test; Properties of liquid lubricants:-Acid value, saponification number, flash and fire point, viscosity and viscosity index, Aniline point, Cloud and Pour Point, Criteria for selection of lubricants-IC engine, refrigeration, gear, transformer, steam turbine, delicate mechanical system.

Unit – IV :Advanced materials
Properties and applications – Biodegradable polymers-polylactic acid (PLA) and Polycaprolactone(PCL).
Conducting polymers – polycetylene, polyaniline. Polypyrrole,
Composite materials-introduction, general classification –Particle reinforced , fibre reinforced, structural and its industrial applications.
Liquid crystal polymers-general properties and application.
Nanomaterials-Definition, nano scale. Carbon nano tubes (CNT)typses and difference between Single wall NT, Multi wall NT; applications of nanomaterials in medicine, environment and electronics.

Unit - I: Lasers & Wave Optics (07 Hrs)
Spatial and temporal coherence of a light wave, Quantum Transitions: Absorption, Spontaneous emission & stimulated Emission, Metastable states, Pumping schemes, Principle of laser, Laser characteristics, Components of a laser, Principle & working of He-Ne, Ruby & Semiconductor lasers, Applications.
Interference in thin films, Interference in Wedge shape thin film, Newton‟s rings, Anti-reflection coating, advanced applications of interference in thin film.

Unit - II: Electron Ballistics 
Lorentz force, Motion of changed particles in uniform electric and magnetic fields: parallel,
perpendicular and at an acute angle, Effect of electric and magnetic fields on kinetic energy of
charged particle, Crossed electric and magnetic field configurations, Velocity filter, Electrostatic
and magnetostatic deflection.

Unit - III: Electron Optics 
Bethe‟s law, Electric and Magnetic focusing, Construction & working of Electrostatic lens,
Devices: CRT, CRO, Block Diagram, Function & working of each block, Bainbridge mass
spectrograph, Cyclotron.

Unit - IV: Optical Fiber & Nanoscience
Optical fibers: Propagation by total internal reflection, structure and classification (based on material, refractive index and number of modes), Modes of propagation in fiber, Acceptance angle, Numerical aperture, Attenuation and dispersion. Light sources and Detectors.
Applications: I) As a Sensors - i) Temperature Sensor ii) Pollution / Smoke detector iii) Liquid
level sensor.
II) As a Detectors- i) PIN detector ii) Avalanche Detector.
Introduction to nanoscience and nanotechnology, Classification of nano materials, Synthesis of Nanomaterials, General idea about physical and chemical methods. e.g; Physical Vapour

Deposition and Sol gel method. Comparison of properties of nanomaterials with bulk materials,
Some special nanomaterials:
1) Zeolites, 2) Graphine,
Application of nanomaterials in engineering, Impact of Nanoscience and nanotechnology